Traditional ID Models

The basic elements that the traditional instructional design models generally include are:

• Analyze
  
• Develop
• Design
  
• Implement
  
• Evaluate

Most or even all of these elements of instructional design can be found in each of the instructional design models (Dick & Carey, ADDIE, Big 8 Model, ASSURE, and the complete model of instructional design.

Dick & Carey Model:
This model would be appropriate to use in everyday lesson planning because it has all of the essential steps of a lesson. It basically looks at the students and how they will preform in a lesson. It allows the teacher to aim for specific outcomes and if something is not working the teacher can take a step back and change what they are doing to get the desired outcome. This model would be great when teaching to the benchmarks when a specific outcome is needed.

Big 8 Model:
I think that this model would go best with a specific, one time lesson, in other words it could be a mini-lesson. I think this because it seems to me that this model really hits on one set of objects and activities that are taught with media and at the end the students are evaluated. A teacher would get more specific with their everyday lessons. For example, a teaching method that would fit really good with this model would be when teach adding to a 2nd grade class teaching them one digit plus one digit would be a specific mini-lesson within one big lesson. It allows for a specific objectives and outcomes like I have stated above.

ASSURE:
To me this lesson model seems to be very similar to the Dick & Carey model. This is everything that a teacher does day to day to help with the classroom planning. As a teacher I used this probably the most because the students can change from a subject to subject basis and they can grow and develop more over time. I feel that if a classroom teacher does not use these different elements in their classroom to plan and design lessons that they really are not assessing how their lesson can fit their students and what would be best for the students.

Complete Model of ID:
The best time to use this model would be when looking at teaching a unit to the class. I think that it would be to use in a classroom with different reading and writing levels. It would allow the teacher to adjust the lesson to the different levels along with move around and hit the different things that need more attention.

ADDIE Model:
This model seems to be meant for more of a hands on activity lesson. This would be great when working with the younger elementary students in math when using manipulatives. It allows time for the students to explore and learn as they are exploring. From what I have observed from my students is that they sometimes may self teach themselves with guidance from the teacher and using the manipulatives as long as they are allowed time to explore.

Instructional Technology (IT)

Instructional Technology is many things to the educational world. The definition of IT is seen in two different ways.

• In the classroom it could be anything the teachers use to convey the message to the students, for example, white boards, overhead projectors, projectors for power point and other computer related activities, computers, and smart boards.
• It is also how the teacher and students can access or receive the information that is important to the topics that they are studying.
  

All in all instructional technology can be anything that is used in the classroom to enhance the teaching that is being done and the way that the students view and interpret the information. IT is used in a way so that all students can receive or see the information being broadcasted or taught at the same time or in a mass setting.

Media Literacy vs. Visual Literacy

When I was trying to compare and contrast visual and media literacy I connected visual literacy to the Edgar Dale Cone of Experience diagram that was in the lecture yesterday. I did this because in terms of seeing things visually that is how I learn and it just made a personal connection for me. Here are some of the similarities and differences that I have found.

A similarity between visual and media literacy are that they both deal with the ability to do something. The difference between the two is what the ability that they are actually trying to is. Like for visual literacy is would be to create visual messages, and try to figure out what the visual messages are. For media literacy it is the ability to ask important questions about what you see and the ability to create messages through this new media.

When talking about visual and media literacy a similarity is when people learn visually by having a direct purposeful experience well they do this in media literacy by actually creating real life projects that deal with the media they are talking about. The major difference is that with visual literacy it determines how the topic is taught to the learner. Media literacy would be the application of what is being taught.

Visual literacy is the practical application of media literacy. The function of a visual is to make things more concrete and so being doing a realistic project to learn about media literacy the more the concept is going to stick with the person. When I was thinking examples a great one is our project that is due next week. The photo essay is a great practical application of media and the project doesn't have to extremely complex the more that visual literacy is understood the more complex the project will be.

How IT fits with the theories of education

The theories that support instructional technology (IT) fit in with the theories of education in the following ways:

• Constructivism is a learning theory that talks more about the process of how students learn things. The theory of education that fits the best is essentialism. According to the reading, The Need for a Reconstructed Philosophy, The curriculum is to be more structured and since this is one of the most common and traditional types of education it fits hand in hand with constructivisim. In constructivism, the roles of the student and teacher are well defined and are the most traditional way with the students being the problem-solvers and being in control of what they are understanding and this is also with the teacher being the person who facilitates the knowledge.
  

• Behaviorism is a learning theory that looks at things you can observe the things that happen because of the things that were taught. The theory of education that seems to fit in the most here is progressivism. In the reading from yesterday, The Need for A Reconstructed Philosophy, it talks about how the school should become a laboratory where all experiences can be learned. The article also talks about how everything is learned and that is what Pavlov did with his dogs and classic conditioning. That is also what skinner did with his rats and operant conditioning. The more someone learns something the better they are going to get.

• Communication theory is a process theory and talks about how we teach and understand the behavior. Before we can communicate we must all have similar backgrounds. The educational theory that best fits is reconstructivism. This educational theory advocates more technology and have education help with what someone is meant to do. It fits in with the communication theory because people need to start giving more feedback and there are many more mediums now to communicate with.
  

• Systems theory is a process theory and talks about how it is behaviorally oriented. It tends to deal more with being a problem solver and using the scientific method. The educational theory that fits the best is perennialism because it deals with the universal and unchanging truth. When being a logical problem solver and using the scientific method that is what you find is truths to what is being researched.
  

This is how I understood the article and how I feel the theories of education fit in with the theories that support instructional technology! :)

Photo Introduction

My name is Kim Curry. I am originally from Coon Rapids which is a suburb of Minneapolis, Minnesota. I attended ISU and received my bachelor's degree in Elementary Education. I currently live in Fairbanks, AK but that is only for 2 more weeks. I am here because my husband is stationed up here for the Army. I also have a 9 month old daughter named Lillie. I am very excited to be coming back to Iowa and live in our house in Bondurant. A unique characteristic that I have is that I love to do things spontaneously and get myself as busy as I possibly can. Don't ask me why I do this because I don't even know. An interest that I have is scrapbooking and challenging myself creatively.

What I hope to gain from CI 501 is an understanding of how technology has been viewed and came into play in terms of education through the years, the differences between technology and media, and I am interested to see how instructional design started and how it is influenced.